Face Negotiation Theory

Task : Face Negotiation Theory

Subject : Communication Theory

Lecture : Ms. Hershinta

Pertama kali diungkapkan oleh Stella Ting-Toomey in 1985

Teori ini menjelaskan mengenai banyaknya level perbedaan budaya dalam merespon

konflik yang mungkin terjadi.

Konsep dasar teori ini sendiri adalah di dalam setiap level budaya, semua orang

pasti akan memiliki FACE

Face Simbol atau representasi dari citra diri baik sebagai individu atau sebagai

grup di depan publik.

FACE ------- IMAGE


Facework

skill komunikasi yang digunakan seseorang untuk me-manage Face

Facework adalah bahasa verbal dan non-verbal yang berfungsi sebagai penyelamat

‘muka’ (image di mata orang lain) disaat citra diri kita menurun.

Ex : White Lie

Konsep dasar teori ini adalah face work dari budaya individu ( Individualistic

Culture ) dan budaya kolektif ( Collectivistic Culture ).

Low Context Communication vs High Context Comm.

Ketika Facework berbeda, maka penanganan konflik juga beragam. Ketika budaya berbeda

penanganan yang akan dibuat / dilakukan terhadap konflik juga berbeda. Tergantung

dari pada budaya masing-masing.


Model pengelolaan konflik sebagai berikut :

1. Dominating-emphasizes a person’s own position, one person asserts their

dominance over the other, win-lose (Memastikan penanganan isu sesuai kehendak

pribadi)


2. Avoiding-involves eluding the conflict topic, situation and party

altogether, lose-lose as neither party wins and the conflict goes unresolved

(menghindari diskusi dengan anggota kelompok )


3. Obliging-characterized by high concern for the other’s interest above own,

one individual gives in to the demands of the other, this is a lose-win situation

and is useful when one party is not fully committed to his/her position.

(Menyerahkan kepada kebijakan anggota kelompok)


4. Compromising-is the give-and-take approach, both parties give something up

in order to find a middle ground and reach a solution, this is a lose-lose

although a positive solution may result and is useful when both parties are

equally committed to their positions. Menggunakan cara-cara kompromi)


5. Integrating-reflects high concern for one’s self and the other, win-win

useful when both parties are equally committed to their positions and results in a

positive solution for both parties .(Memecahkan masalah bersama-sama)


Konsep dasar teori ini adalah face work dari :


budaya individu (Individualistic Culture)

budaya kolektif (Collectivistic Culture).

Individualistic dan collectivistic culture mempunyai metode yang berbeda untuk

menegosiasikan face dan menyelesaikan konflik


Ex :

Collectivistic lebih sering menggunakan strategi ‘avoidance’ daripada

individualistic Individualistic lebih memilih strategi ‘dominating’ dan juga lebih

menggunakan style konflik yang lebih ekspresif emosional.



ANNA AND THE KING MOVIE

Synopsis

The epic tale, set in Thailand in the late 19th century, chronicles to true life

adventures of British governess Anna Leonowens (Jodie Foster), who is hired by the

king (Chow Yun-Fat) of Siam to educate his many children.

Soon after her arrival in this exotic, unfamiliar land, Anna finds herself engaged

in a battle of wits--and in a deepening relationship--with the strong-willed ruler

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The true story of Anna Leonowens' experiences as a governess to the children of an

eccentric Asian king has been adapted into a book of memoirs, a biography, a stage

play called Anna and the King of Siam -- which was adapted into a 1946 film, a stage

musical called The King and I -- made into both the live-action The King and I

(1956)) and the animated The King and I (1999) feature films, and a short-lived 1972

TV series. Now the story is brought to the screen yet again, as Jodie Foster stars

as Leonowens, hired by the king of Thailand (Chow Yun-Fat) in the 19th century to

help care for his children. The king wants the best for his children, but Anna soon

discovers that he is a strong-willed but quixotic leader, and her stay in Thailand

becomes a struggle for power with romantic overtones, as they decide who will have

authority over the royal youngsters. Anna and the King was directed by Andy Tennant,

best known for his 1998 variation on the Cinderella story, Ever After.